ABSTRACT
@#Introduction: Anatomical femoral tunnel placement is critical for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). Tunnel placement may vary with different surgical techniques. The aim of this study was to compare the accuracy of femoral tunnel placement between the Anteromedial (AM) and Anterolateral (AL) visualisation portals on post-operative CT scans among a cohort of ACLR patients. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2018 to March 2020 after obtaining ethics clearance. Patients who went for arthroscopic ACLR in our institute were divided into an AM (group 1) and an AL (group 2) based on the visualisation portal for creating the femoral tunnel and a 3D CT scan was done. The femoral tunnel position was calculated in deep to shallow and high to low direction using the Bernard Hertel grid. Femoral tunnel angle was measured in the 2D coronal image. Statistical analysis was done with the data collected. Results: Fifty patients with an average age of 26.36 (18-55) years ±7.216 SD were enrolled in the study. In this study, the AM technique was significantly more accurate (p<0.01) than the AL technique in terms of femoral tunnel angle. Furthermore, the deep to the shallow position was significantly (p= 0.018) closer to normative values, as determined by the chi-square test. The chances of error in tunnel angle in femoral condyle are 2.6 times greater in the AL technique (minimal clinical difference). Conclusion: To conclude, in ACLR the anteromedial visualisation portal can facilitate accurate femoral tunnel placement compared to the anterolateral visualisation portal.
ABSTRACT
Aim: The objective of the present study was to identify economically viable, profitable and resource efficient vegetables embedded rice-based cropping sequences under organic management for marginal and small farmers of Sikkim Himalayas, India.Methodology: Three-year fixed plot study was conducted to evaluate seven rice–based cropping sequences viz., rice–fallow (farmers’ practice), rice–fenugreek (leafy vegetable), rice–coriander (leaves), rice–radish, rice–broccoli, rice–potato and rice–vegetable pea were replicated four-times in a completely randomized block design. Results: Among the various rice – based cropping sequences, cultivation of rice–coriander (leaves) recorded higher production (67.3 kg ha-1 day-1), system productivity (24.6 t ha-1), relative economic efficiency (1040%) and net returns (376.1x103). However, rice-broccoli and rice–vegetable pea sequences recorded 8.6 and 4.4% higher B: C ratio, respectively, over the rice–coriander system. With regards to soil health, rice – vegetable pea cropping sequences resulted in maximum improvement in soil organic carbon (SOC) (1.26%), available soil N (415.2 kg ha-1), P (22.8 kg ha-1) and K (411.5 kg ha-1), soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC) (344.7 µg MBC g-1 soil), dehydrogenase activity (DHA) (24.0 µg TPFg-1 soil h-1) and fluorescin di acetate (FDA) (38.8 µg FDAg-1 soil h-1) among the cropping sequences. Interpretation: Induction of vegetables in rice–fallow system under assured irrigation condition of Sikkim Himalayas, India not only enhances the farm productivity and profitability but also sustain the soil health on long term basis. Thus, rice-vegetable pea/coriander/broccoli based production systems under organic management hold great promises for sustaining livelihood of organic growers in Sikkim Himalayas over conventional rice– fallow system.
ABSTRACT
Poland’s syndrome is a rare congenital anomaly consisting of a unilateral absence of the pectoralis major, ipsilateral muscle, hand anomaly and occasionally associated other malformations of the chest wall and breast. Many structural and functional abnormalities have been described in association with this syndrome. We report an incidentally diagnosed case in a 27-year-old male patient who presented to us with symbrachydactyly. In addition to this, anterior depression of 2nd, 3rd and 4th ribs and bifid (forked) 5th rib was present on radiological investigations. The body of sternum was short and deformed on the right side with absence of xiphoid process. All middle phalanges were absent on right hand. It is a rare variant of Poland’s syndrome.
Subject(s)
Adult , Fingers/abnormalities , Fingers/diagnostic imaging , Humans , Male , Muscular Diseases/complications , Pectoralis Muscles/abnormalities , Poland Syndrome/complications , Ribs/abnormalities , Syndactyly/complicationsABSTRACT
Three monospecific antibodies MSAb 1, MSAb 2 and MSAb 3 were raised in BALB/C mice against respective antigens. M. smegmatis whole cell lysate was first separated on SDS-PAGE and randomly chosen bands were cut and then used for immunization. Antibodies were collected as ascites by injecting mice with myeloma cell line P3X63 Ag 658.4. All the three antibodies showed high reactivity with denatured antigens compared to native. Different extent of cross-reactivity was observed as evident from ELISA. MSAb1 recognized a 75 kDa immunodominant antigen from M. smegmatis and 66 kDa from M. tuberculosis (H37Ra), respectively. An apparently similar molecular weight antigen shown to be present in M. tuberculosis (H37Ra) an avirulent strain and BCG, but not recognized by MSAb1. The 75 kDa antigen has a stimulatory effect on T-cell proliferation.